Wednesday, December 9, 2015

Reading in the Wild - Chapter 5: WIld Readers Show Preferences

This chapter is all about determining and analyzing readers' favorite types of reading material, why they show these preferences, and how teachers can guide students to read more widely. Donalyn Miller gives her students a survey to reflect on and share their reading preferences which allows them to celebrate their growth as readers, and gives her information to use when planning units, making recommendations, and deciding requirements for genres to read. This helps teachers match books to their students. Allowing students to their own book choices show that we value their opinions and trust them. This type of reflection activity is a good starting point to build positive reading relationships with our students. When implementing reading workshop, its imperative that we know our students and their preferences, so we are able to guide them to make the best reading choices for themselves during the large amounts of independent reading time. Being able to widen our students' reading experiences means we must widely read to give us expertise in the books we recommend to them. Readers' preferences guide the texts they choose, and we must give them the skills and confidence to be successful at doing so.

Preferences
All students have reasons for what they like to read. While acknowledging these preferences, we must expand their reading range. Students may show a fondness for reading: deeply from one genre or one author; fiction or non-fiction; series; graphic novels, magazines, or internet content; or rereading favorites. Suggesting new authors or books with similar plots or characters helps students independently find more books to read. Another thing we must do when talking to students about their reading is to value all the reading they do. Sometimes we may tend to think that graphic novels or internet texts aren't challenging enough, and are therefore not appropriate to read during class. However, as Donalyn Miller wrote on page 171:
"As Stephen Krashen and Joanne Ujiie (2005) assert, 'Many people are fearful that if children engage in 'light reading,' if they read comics and magazines they will stay with this kind of reading forever, that they will never go on to more 'serious' reading. The opposite appears to be the case. The evidence suggests that light reading provides the competence and motivation to continue reading and to read more demanding texts.' (p. 6)"
To me this reiterates the fact that the more kids read, at all, they will naturally become better readers. It also shows me how important it is that teachers are aware of what their students are reading. Teachers should be talking regularly about WHY students are reading the books they choose, not just if they are reading accurately and comprehending. If a student or two is an unmotivated reader, its okay if they are reading below their "official" reading level, as long as they are reading something they enjoy! Naturally, they will move on and up in their choices because every book a student works through allows them to practice their skills.

Furthermore, rereading books once in a while is not a bad thing. Every wild reader does it. Rereading increases comprehension, enjoyment, and fluency too. Sometimes students reread because they just want to be inside the book again, or they want to "cement the knowledge of topics and ideas" (p. 175), or they don't know what else to read.

Genre Avoidance
Knowing what students read and why is important. Wild readers read widely. Are they rereading because they can't find another book? Are they only reading fantasy or non-fiction texts? When we notice students constantly rereading, abandoning books, or only reading a specific genre, that is when we need to help build their genre and author knowledge to sharpen their book picking skills. If a students loves reading non-fiction, perhaps we could suggest some historical fiction titles related to a non-fiction topic they've read about. This will widen the student's knowledge of the topic by incorporating a character's perspective on their experience with that topic.

However, sometimes students tend to feel that non-fiction is only for research and that only fiction books are fun to read. It is our job to incorporate non-fiction into our regular routine. Non-fiction texts are more engaging than ever, and we must expose students. Trying some of the following will increase students' title awareness, and background knowledge: add non-fiction to book talks, read aloud non-fiction texts, use non-fiction as mentor texts for reading or writing, read a non-fiction text that goes along with a topic or situation from a fiction text you've read, provide many opportunities or preview, read, and share texts read.

Scheduled time regularly helps us gauge students' progress toward their reading goals. Good reading habits should be included specifically several times to see if students are really reading (or fake reading) and to see if they are challenging themselves with the texts they choose. Talk with your students about their preferences for authors, genres and series. See if they are varying their text difficulty.  Discuss how engaged a student is while reading at school and at home. Reflect together on how the student effectively tracks his/her reading. Make plans for future reading and discuss why any books have been abandoned (a skill that is good to have if its taught).

Miller's forty book requirement and genre requirement graph are two of my favorite ways for students to keep track of their reading. To me this seems like the most meaningful, and easy, way for students to track their reading. It gives them clear expectations and a visual of their progress.

In closing, exposing students to a wide range of quality texts, and explicitly teaching them how to preview books and recommend books is key for students to have the skills, title knowledge, and confidence to choose their own books to read.



Tuesday, November 24, 2015

Book thoughts: Heartbeat by Sharon Creech

Oh my gosh! This book was delightful!

I saw this book sitting in a 4th grade classroom. For some reason the cover, with a forest of green trees and two kids running barefoot under a rainbow sky, kept drawing me to it! I picked it up several days: one to look at the cover up close, another to look at the cover again and read the back, and a third to flip through the pages. Now I typically don't go for realistic fiction books, but when I saw it was Sharon Creech and that she wrote in free verse (like that of her Love That Dog and Hate That Cat books), I had to ask to borrow it!

Luckily no students in the class were reading the book. I took it home over the weekend with me. I've been in a reading slump lately; I think this book lifted me up out of it.

We hear Annie's thoughts throughout the book about:
-  running for the love of running
- her mother having a growing baby inside of her
- best friend Max who is going through a tough time reaching his goals to put him on a path towards a successful life for himself
- her grandfather who is suffering from some negative effects old age
- her growing love and interest in art and drawing

The book's time frame is as along as Annie's art assignment: drawing 100 apples - 1 each day. We go on a journey with Annie through many days of her deciding how to draw her apple and viewing it in different ways. We experience happy times, tense times, and ending with a time of renewed strength in her relationship with her running partner Max. In these 100 days, Annie shares her feelings about the alien baby growing in her mother's stomach, about her and her father learning how to help their mother during labor, and the birth of her new sibling.

Sharon Creech's writing is beautiful, and her free verse lets us fly through the story. She makes us care and really feel all the emotions Annie has through the ups and downs of her day to day life. We feel the effects of all the people in Annie's life.

[this book has a guided reading level of W]

Tuesday, November 10, 2015

Materials for groups

Many of us attended guided reading sessions today.
If not, we are all going through Fountas and Pinnell Benchmark assessments - with the purpose of informing our instruction for small groups during reading.

So with some of my time this afternoon, I attempted to rally some leveled reading materials and resources.

Small groups can be guided and level based. They can be focused on a strategy that different levels of students need improvement. These groups might listen to an above level text read aloud, or independent level texts may be used to ensure easy decoding so the focus is on comprehension.


We have many leveled options available to us; however, it never seems like enough!

Here are some leveling options to play around with when planning for guided reading or strategy groups. Its difficult to find a correlation or conversion chart where Fountas and Pinnell levels match up exactly with Lexile or other leveling systems. Teacher judgement and testing texts out will most likely be needed when using some of the following resources.

Also, look at students' Lexile scores on myON and MAP! How exciting to have so much data to take into consideration when planning for the best interests of our students!

Ways to find levels
Lexile correlation to FnP levels - with Lexile in small increments.
Reading A-Z levels correlation to FnP and Lexile - Lexiles in increments ranging from 50 to 370
https://readability-score.com - I would focus on Flesch-Kincaid options and correlate to Lexile.
Book Wizard - Scholastic book search by guided reading (FnP) level or Lexile

Leveled Text options
Newsela.com - nonfiction texts by grade level and Lexile
Pearson leveled books - same log-in as Pearson Math - guided reading levels tend to be harder than RAZ or FnP levels
Don't forget about Komensky's BOOK ROOM in the back of the science/art room!!!
And of course myON's books are leveled my Lexile and guided reading levels!

Sunday, October 25, 2015

Words have Power

Just like  I urged my colleagues a few years ago to use the terms: NEW WORDS and FUTURE BOOKS, here is a blog post about working with students who take their time reading (being slow bad).
Quick Summary: We should be empowering students' love of reading. We need to help build their confidence, and help them realize they types of texts they love to read.
Using words with negative connotations works against these goals.



NEW WORDS - they aren't hard, you just haven't come across them before and need to work them out


FUTURE BOOKS - aren't hard books, you just need some more practice before you are ready to enjoy these type of books


DIFFERENT RATES OF READING - they are JUST different: not good or bad
  • Help students realize and understand:
    • too fast and you might miss details, too slow and you might not understand everything 
    • find the speed that's right for you: 
      • can you hear a voice in your head? 
      • does it sound similar to how you talk? 
      • can you visualize you are inside of the book? 
      • do you understand everything that you are reading and feel like you are inside of the text? 
  • PRACTICE TOGETHER REGULARLY
    • during: guided reading, conferring, book clubs
    • once a week, or monthly, with whole class performances